Hangul Lesson 1| Hangul Basics: Alphabet in 3 Steps

Introduction to Hangul

Hangul is the Korean alphabet, created in the 15th century by King Sejong the Great.
He designed it to be simple, logical, and easy to learn, so everyone could read and write — not just scholars or the wealthy.

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The Letters of Hangul

Hangul has 24 basic characters:

14 consonants

10 vowels

With just these 24 letters, you can read and write almost anything in Korean!

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Studying Hangul vs. English

Hangul isn’t written letter by letter in a straight line like English.
Instead, letters combine into syllable blocks. Each block is one sound, one beat, making reading Korean fast, neat, and fun.

Example:

English: Let’s study Hangul together (Letters are written one by one in a line)
Example: H A N G U L

Korean (한글): 한글을 같이 공부해요(Letters combine into syllable blocks)

Example:

한글

• 한 = ㅎ + ㅏ + ㄴ

• 글 = ㄱ + ㅡ + ㄹ

So, 한글 = 한 + 글 

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The 3 Basic Rules of Hangul

To read Hangul easily, remember these three simple rules:

1. A syllable begins with a consonant.

   • Every block starts with a consonant sound.

2. A syllable must have at least one consonant and one vowel.

   • This is the minimum building block for any word.

3. Each syllable fits inside a square block.

• Instead of writing H-A-N in a line, Korean letters are neatly arranged: 한.

Hangul Letters Chart

How to Make Syllable Blocks

• Combine 1 consonant + 1 vowel (or more) to make a syllable block.

• Example:

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Once you understand these rules, you can start reading Korean with confidence!
By following these lessons, you’ll quickly gain the ability to read, write, and recognize Korean words in daily life.